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Фрагмент инструкции
sequence
of
records
in
the
le.
Other
k
ey
elds
can
b e
dened
so
that
y
ou
can
sequence
the
le
in
other
orders.
The
order
in
whic
h
records
are
ph
ysically
written
to
the
le
is
the
c
hronological
order.
The
c
hronological
order
may
b e
the
same
as
the
primary
k
ey
sequence
or
unrelated.
F
or
detailed
information
on
the
creation
and
use
of
KSAM
les,
refer
to
Chapter
7,
\Data
Management"
and
KSAM/3000
R
efer
enc
e
Manual
(30000-90079).
RIO
le.
Relative
I/O
(RIO)
is
a
random
access
metho d
that
p ermits
individual
le
records
to
b e
deactiv
ated.
These
inactive
records
retain
their
relativ e
p osition
in
the
le.
RIO
les
are
in
tended
for
use
primarily
b
y
COBOL
programs;
ho
w
ev
er,
y
ou
can
access
these
les
b
y
programs
written
in
an
y
language.
Y
ou
can
access
RIO
les
in
t
w
o
w
a
ys:
RIO
access
and
non-RIO
access.
RIO
access
ignores
the
inactive
records
when
the
le
is
read
sequen
tially
using
the
FREAD
in
trinsic.
These
records
are
transparent;
ho
w
ev
er,
they
can
b e
read
b
y
random
access
using
FREADDIR .
They
can
b e
o
v
erwritten
serially
and
randomly
using
FWRITE ,
FWRITEDIR ,
or
FUPDATE .
With
RIO
access,
the
in
ternal
structure
of
RIO
blo
c
ks
is
transparent.
Circular
le,
whic
h
is
a
wrap-around
structure
that
b eha
v
es
like
a
standard
sequen
tial
le
un
til
it
is
full.
As
records
are
written
to
a
circular
le,
they
are
app ended
to
the
tail
of
the
le;
when
the
le
is
lled,
the
next
record
added
causes
the
blo
c
k
at
the
head
of
the
le
to
b e
deleted
and
all
other
blo
c
ks
to
b e
logically
shifted
tow
ard
the
head
of
the
le.
Circular
les
are
particularly
useful
as
history
les
and
debugging
les.
F
or
detailed
information
on
circular
les,
refer
to
A
c
c
essing
Files
Pr
o
gr
ammer's
Guide
(32650-90017).
Message
le,
whic
h
is
used
b
y
In
terpro
cess
comm
unication
(IPC),
a
facilit
y
of
the
File
System
that
p ermits
m
ultiple
user
pro cesses
to
comm
unicate
with
one
another
easily
and
ecien
tly
.
Message
les
act
as
rst-in-rst-out
queues
of
records,
with
an
en
try
made
b
y
FWRITE
and
a
deletion
made
b
y
FREAD .
One
pro cess
can
submit
records
to
the
le
with
the
FWRITE
in
trinsic
while
another
pro cess
takes
records
from
the
le
using
the
FREAD
in
trinsic.
F
or
detailed
information
on
the
creation
and
use
of
Message
les,
refer
to
Interpr
o
c
ess
Communic
ation
Pr
o
gr
ammer's
Guide
(32650-90019).
File
Codes
MPE/iX
subsystems
often
create
sp ecial-purp ose
les
whose
functions
are
iden
tied
b
y
four-digit
in
tegers
called
le
co des,
written
in
the
system
le
lab
els.
HPFOPEN ,
FOPEN ,
:BUILD ,
and
:FILE
ha
v
e
parameters
for
sp ecifying
a
le
co de
for
a
le
when
y
ou
create
it.
File
co des
are
useful
when
y
ou
w
an
t
to
run
a
program
that
pro duces
an
output
le
sev
eral
times
and
need
to
b e
able
to
uniquely
iden
tify
the
output
les
from
separate
runs
(or
sets
of
runs).
Y
ou
can
use
a
:FILE
command
to
supply
a
unique
le
co de
for
eac
h
run
(or
set
of
runs).
F
or
user
les,
y
ou
can
use
an
y
n
um
b er
from
0
through
1023
for
a
le
co de.
If
y
ou
do
not
sp ecify
a
le
co de
when
y
ou
create
a
le,
MPE/iX
automatically
applies
the
default
le
co de
0.
Num
b ers
ab o
v
e
1023
are
predened
b
y
Hewlett-Pac
k
ard
for
sp ecial
system
les.
Y
ou
should
not
redene
them.
F
or
detailed
information,
refer
to
A
c
c
essing
Files
Pr
o
gr
ammer's
Guide
(32650-90017).
F
or
detailed
information
on
creating
and
using
a
le
co de
and
on
reserv
ed
le
co des,
refer
to
A
c
c
essing
Files
Pr
o
gr
ammer's
Guide
(32650-90017).
F
or
information
on
determining
an
existing
le
co de,
refer
to
Getting
System
Information
Pr
o
gr
ammer's
Guide
(32650-90018).
6-26
File
System
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