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All rights reserved. ARM DUI 0068B ARM Developer Suite Assembler Guide Copyright © 2000, 2001 ARM Limited. All rights reserved. Release Information The following changes have been made to this book. Change History Date Issue Change November 2000 A Release 1.1 November 2001 B Release 1.2 Proprietary Notice Words and logos marked with ® or ™ are registered trademarks or trademarks owned by ARM Limited. Other brands and names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. Neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in, or the product described in, this document may be adapted or reproduced in any material form except with the prior written permission of the copyright holder. The product described in this document is subject to continuous developments and improvements. All particulars of the product and its use contained in this document are given by ARM in good faith. However, all warranties implied or expressed, including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability, or fitness for purpose, are excluded. This document is intended only to assist the reader in the use of the product. ARM Limited shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising from the use of any information in this document, or any error or omission in such information, or any incorrect use of the product. Copyright © 2000, 2001 ARM Limited. All rights reserved. ARM DUI 0068B Contents ARM Developer Suite Assembler Guide Preface About this book .............................................................................................. vi Feedback ....................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 About the ARM Developer Suite assemblers .............................................. 1-2 Chapter 2 Writing ARM and Thumb Assembly Language 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 2-2 2.2 Overview of the ARM architecture .............................................................. 2-3 2.3 Structure of assembly language modules ................................................. 2-12 2.4 Using the C preprocessor ......................................................................... 2-19 2.5 Conditional execution ................................................................................ 2-20 2.6 Loading constants into registers ............................................................... 2-25 2.7 Loading addresses into registers .............................................................. 2-30 2.8 Load and store multiple register instructions ............................................. 2-39 2.9 Using macros ............................................................................................ 2-48 2.10 Describing data structures with MAP and FIELD directives ...................... 2-51 2.11 Using frame directives ............................................................................... 2-66 Chapter 3 Assembler Reference 3.1 Command syntax ........................................................................................ 3-2 ARM DUI 0068B Copyright © 2000, 2001 ARM Limited. All rights reserved. Contents 3.2 Format of source lines ................................................................................ 3-8 3.3 Predefined register and coprocessor names .............................................. 3-9 3.4 Built-in variables ....................................................................................... 3-10 3.5 Symbols .................................................................................................... 3-12 3.6 Expressions, literals, and operators ......................................................... 3-18 Chapter 4 ARM Instruction Reference 4.1 Conditional execution ................................................................................. 4-4 4.2 ARM memory access instructions .............................................................. 4-6 4.3 ARM general data processing instructions ............................................... 4-23 4.4 ARM multiply instructions ......................................................................... 4-39 4.5 ARM saturating arithmetic instructions ..................................................... 4-55 4.6 ARM branch instructions .......................................................................... 4-57 4.7 ARM coprocessor instructions .................................................................. 4-62 4.8 Miscellaneous ARM instructions ............................................................... 4-71 4.9 ARM pseudo-instructions ......................................................................... 4-78 Chapter 5 Thumb Instruction Reference 5.1 Thumb memory access instructions ........................................................... 5-4 5.2 Thumb arithmetic instructions ...........................................