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¦n Check the tree for damaged or dead branches that could fall and hit you during felling. ¦n Periodically glance at the top of the tree during the backcut to assure the tree is going to fall in the desired direction. n If the tree starts to fall in the wrong direction, or if the saw gets caught or hung up during the fall, leave the saw and save yourself! PROPER PROCEDURE FOR TREE FELLING See Figures 21 - 24. n Pick your escape route (or routes in case the intended route is blocked). Clear the immediate area around the tree and make sure there are no obstructions in your planned path of retreat. Clear the path of safe retreat approximately 135° from the planned line of fall. n Consider the force and direction of the wind, the lean and balance of the tree, and the location of large limbs. These things influence the direction in which the tree will fall. Do not try to fell a tree along a line different from its natural line of fall. n Cut a notch about 1/3 the diameter of the trunk in the side of the tree. Make the notch cuts so they intersect at a right angle to the line of fall. OPERATION PLANNED LINE OF FALL 90° 135° FROM PLANNED LINE OF FALL PATH OF SAFE RETREAT PATH OF SAFE RETREAT PLANNED LINE OF FALL 135° 45° 90° 45° 135° Fig. 21 HINGE 2 in. OR 1/10 DIA NOTCH - APPROX. 1/3 DIAMETER OF TRUNK BACK CUT 2 in. Fig. 22 This notch should be cleaned out to leave a straight line. To keep the weight of the wood off the saw, always make the lower cut of the notch before the upper cut. n Make the backcut level and horizontal, and at a minimum of 2 in. above the horizontal cut of the notch. NOTE: Never cut through to the notch. Always leave a band of wood between the notch and back cut (approximately 2 in. or 1/10 the diameter of the tree). This is called “hinge” or “hingewood.” It controls the fall of the tree and prevents slipping or twisting or shootback of the tree off the stump. n On large diameter trees, stop the back cut before it is deep enough for the tree to either fall or settle back on the stump. Then insert soft wooden or plastic wedges into the cut so they do not touch the chain. Drive wedges in, little by little, to help jack the tree over. NOTE: When bucking or felling with a wedge, it may be necessary to remove the SAFE-T-TIP® anti-kickback device to allow the bar to be drawn through the cut. After you complete the cut, reinstall the tip immediately. n As tree starts to fall, stop the chain saw and put it down immediately. Retreat along the cleared path, but watch the action in case something falls your way. WARNING: Never cut through to the notch when making a back cut. The hinge controls the fall of the tree, this is the section of wood between the notch and backcut. REMOVING BUTTRESS ROOTS See Figure 25. A buttress root is a large root extending from the trunk of the tree above the ground. Remove large buttress roots prior to felling. Make the horizontal cut into the buttress first, followed by the vertical cut. Remove the resulting loose section from the work area. Follow the correct tree felling procedure as stated in Proper Procedure For Tree Felling after you have removed the large buttress roots. OPERATION HINGE BACK CUT Fig. 23 WEDGE Fig. 24 VERTICAL CUT LOOSE SECTION HORIZONTAL CUT Fig. 25 BUCKING See Figure 26. Bucking is the term used for cutting a fallen tree to the desired log length. n Cut only one log at a time. n Support small logs on a saw horse or another log while bucking. n Keep a clear cutting area. Make sure that no objects can contact the guide bar nose and chain during cutting, this can cause kickback. To avoid the danger, keep the SAFE-T-TIP® anti-kickback device attached while cutting. Refer to Kickback in the Specific Safety Rules section of this manual for more information. ¦n During bucking operations, stand on the uphill side so that the cut-off section of the log cannot roll over you. ¦n Sometimes it is impossible to avoid pinching (with just standard cutting techniques) or difficult to predict which way a log will settle when cut. BUCKING WITH A WEDGE See Figure 27. If the wood diameter is large enough for you to insert a soft bucking wedge without touching the chain, you should use the wedge to hold the cut open to prevent pinching. NOTE: When bucking or felling with a wedge, you may need to remove the SAFE-T-TIP® anti-kickback device to allow the bar to be drawn through the cut. After you complete the cut, reinstall the tip. OPERATION KICKBACK Fig. 26 WEDGE Fig. 27 BUCKING LOGS UNDER STRESS See Figure 28. Make the first bucking cut 1/3 of the way through the log and finish with a 2/3 cut on the opposite side. As you cut the log, it will tend to bend. The saw can become pinched or hung in the log if you make the first cut deeper than 1/3 of the diameter of the log. Give special attention to logs under stress to prevent the bar and chain from pinching. OVERBUCKING See Figure 29. Begin on the top side of the log with the bottom of the saw against the log; exert light...

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